What do we call the loads introduced into the machine or its components due to accelerating or decelerating force?

Dynamic loading refers to the loads that are introduced into a machine or its components as a result of forces that change over time, typically during acceleration or deceleration. When a mass moves, it does not just remain stationary; it experiences varying forces based on its motion. For example, when a load is lifted or lowered, or when a machine starts or comes to a stop, the acceleration and deceleration exert forces that can greatly increase the stress on the components involved.

This type of loading is critical to understand in rigging and machinery operation because it can lead to higher stresses than static loads, which do not change. Engineers and riggers must take dynamic loads into account to ensure that all components are adequately sized and rated for the reach and cycle of the expected operations.

The other options do not accurately describe the phenomenon associated with changing forces during motion. Running loading, for example, typically refers to loads present during normal operation but does not specifically address the changes associated with acceleration or deceleration. Cross point loading might not be a recognized term in this context, and un-stabilized loading suggests a lack of support rather than loads caused by motion. Therefore, dynamic loading is the correct term for loads experienced during changes in velocity.